Bayanin albarkatun kasa don kayan aikin hydraulic - carbon karfe

Carbon karfe ne baƙin ƙarfe carbon gami da carbon abun ciki jere daga 0.0218% zuwa 2.11%. Har ila yau ake kira carbon karfe. Gabaɗaya kuma ya ƙunshi ƙaramin adadin silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus. Mafi girman abin da ke cikin carbon a cikin babban ƙarfe na carbon, mafi girman taurin, mafi girman ƙarfin, amma ƙananan filastik.

Game da zafi magani na carbon karfe, muna bukatar mu san wadannan bayanai.

I. Manufar gwajin

1) Fahimtar ainihin tsarin kula da zafi na carbon karfe 

2) Yi nazarin dangantakar dake tsakanin yanayin sanyi da kaddarorin karfe

3) Yi nazarin tasirin quenching da zafin jiki a kan kaddarorin karfe

2. Na'urorin gwaji da samfurori

1) Gwaji kayan aiki: SX-10M-2.5 irin akwatin gwajin juriya makera

2) Samfura: 45 karfe, 30 karfe da T8 samfurin karfe

3) Samfura guda uku na karfe 45 bayan quenching

3. ka'idar gwaji

Maganin zafi shine muhimmin tsarin aikin ƙarfe don haɓaka aikin ƙarfe (aikin sabis da aikin aiwatarwa). Tsarin maganin zafi na karfe yana da yanayin dumama karfen zuwa wani zazzabi, rike shi na wani lokaci, sannan sanyaya shi a wani yanayin sanyaya. Ana canza kaddarorin ƙarfe ta wannan tsari.

4. Gwaji abun ciki da hanya

(1) Rage maganin zafi na karfe

Quenching zafi magani shi ne don zafi carbon karfe zuwa AC3 ko AC1 sama 30-50 ° C, bayan rufi a cikin daban-daban sanyaya matsakaici don saurin sanyaya (sauri gudun ya fi m sanyi gudun), domin samun martensitic tsarin (M). Bayan quenching, microstructure shine martensite kuma yana riƙe da austenite.

1. Ƙaddamar da zafin jiki

Dangane da kayan, nemo mahimmin zafin sa AC3 ko AC1 a cikin Tebur 1 kuma ƙara 40°C don samun zafinsa na dumama.

Karfe na Hypoeutectoid (45, 30):

Zafin zafi = AC3 + 40 ° C

Eutectoid karfe (T10 karfe): 

Zafin zafi = AC1 + 40 ° C

Don haka zafin zafi na ƙarshe na 30 karfe = °C + 40 ° C =

45 karfe dumama zafin jiki = °C + 40°C=

45 karfe dumama zafin jiki = °C + 40°C=

2. Ƙaddamar da lokacin rufewa

Sassan tare da dumama tanderun don isa ga zafin da ake buƙata na dumama, amma kuma na tsawon lokacin adana zafi, don tabbatar da cewa duka sassan daidai da cikakken isa ga zafin da ake buƙata. Babu shakka, lokacin riƙewa yana da alaƙa da girman da siffar aikin aikin.

Ta hanyar auna girman sassan, sannan koma zuwa Tebura 2 don ƙididdige lokacin riƙe samfurin.

Girman sassan sassan sassan cylindrical ne tare da diamita na 20 mm, don haka lokacin riƙe da karfe 30, 45 da T10 shine: 

3. Zaɓin matsakaicin sanyaya

Sanyaya shine mabuɗin tsari na quenching. Yana rinjayar kaddarorin ƙarfe mai taurin kai tsaye. Ƙimar kwantar da hankali ya fi mahimmancin sanyaya don samun tsarin martensite mai sanyi sosai. A lokaci guda, damuwa na ciki a cikin tsari na crystallization ya kamata a sarrafa shi a cikin tsarin sanyaya don hana lalacewa da fashewa.

Domin tabbatar da tasirin kashewa, yakamata a zaɓi matsakaicin sanyaya mai dacewa da hanyar sanyaya. A cikin wannan gwaji, mun zaɓi ruwa a zafin jiki a matsayin matsakaicin sanyaya.

4. Sanya kayan aiki a cikin tanderun, saita zafin zafin wutar lantarki na wutar lantarki mai kula da wutar lantarki, kuma fara dumama.

5. Bayan tanderun ya kai ga yanayin da aka saita, fara lokacin rufewa.

6. Kayan aiki yana fitowa daga cikin tanda kuma da sauri ya shiga cikin ruwa don sanyaya.